LEARN | MĀTAURANGA
The Significance of Pounamu
Pounamu – The Treasured Stone of Aotearoa
In New Zealand, Jade is known by many names—Nephrite, Greenstone, and most significantly, Pounamu.
This precious taonga (treasure) is found primarily on the West Coast of the South Island, where its journey through time, pressure, and elemental forces has shaped it into the revered stone it is today.
Formed 300 million years ago under intense heat and pressure within the Earth’s crust, Pounamu slowly made its way to the surface through the movement of tectonic plates.
Over time, glaciers, rivers, and erosion revealed these hidden gems, scattering them throughout the West Coast’s rivers, mountains, and even the sea.
Unlike other countries that mine jade, New Zealand does not mine Pounamu, instead cherishing it as a sacred and protected treasure.
The Symbolism & Spirit of Pounamu Carvings
The Legend of Pounamu
New Zealand Greenstone
Māori tradition tells the story of Poutini, a powerful taniwha (guardian spirit) who protected both the people and the life force (mauri) of Pounamu.
One day, while swimming along the Bay of Plenty, Poutini became mesmerized by the beauty of Waitaiki, a young woman bathing in the sea. Overcome with desire, he kidnapped her and fled south. Her husband, Tamaahua, a mighty chief, pursued them relentlessly down the length of the country.
Fearing Tamaahua’s determination, Poutini sought refuge in the West Coast, eventually stopping at Milford Sound. Realizing he could never keep Waitaiki as his own, Poutini made a fateful decision—he transformed her into Pounamu, laying her to rest in the Arahura River, where her spirit remains.
Heartbroken, Tamaahua wept for his lost love, and to this day, Waitaiki’s essence is said to flow through every piece of Pounamu, giving it its deep spiritual significance.
The Essence of Pounamu
A Treasure of Aotearoa
